Mammal Tracks and Sign

Photo by Alexis Burnett

Deer browse on White Spruce.

Unlike rabbits, Deer don't have any upper front teeth, so they must tear rather than slice through plants in order to eat them.

Here is a Scots Pine that deer have browsed on.

When deer are plentiful in an area, the trees will exhibit a "browse line" that is the height they can reach to browse.

These are heavily browsed Red Cedar trees in Point Pelee National park (Ontario, Canada).

When deer's antlers have finished growing they have the urge to rub off the velvet that coats them. They do this on small trees and shrubs.

An old deer antler rub which has partially healed over.

A Deer scrape, caused by the deer pawing the ground with their hooves. They do this in rutting season.